Genesee County Health Department

Better Life Through Better Health

Endometriosis

All women have tissue that lines the inside of their uterus. Each month the tissue thickens to prepare for a possible pregnancy and sheds during monthly periods. Endometriosis is a disorder in which this tissue is found outside the uterus in other body areas. It is most common in women between the ages of 20 and 30, but occurs up to menopause. About 5 million American women are affected. No single cause for endometriosis is known.

Although the tissue can be found as far away as the lung or the brain, it remains mostly in the pelvic area. It attaches to the outer surface of the uterus, ovaries and bladder, in the fallopian tubes and on other pelvic organs. Like tissue in the uterus, the tissue outside thickens each month and sheds, causing bleeding and spreading to new sites. These tissues may cause the pelvic organs to stick together, causing pain, inflammation and scar tissue. Common signs are chronic pelvic pain, especially during periods, heavy or irregular bleeding, back pain, spotting between periods, and blood in urine or stool. Some women have no symptoms. A woman may find it hard to become pregnant. Diagnosis can be difficult and may require a surgical procedure.

Without treatment, endometriosis becomes more severe. Treatment choice depends on a woman’s age, the stage of the disease, and her desire to have children. Pregnancy should occur as early as possible. Delay may result in infertility. Warm heat and over-the-counter pain relievers can calm discomfort. Hormones are often given to suppress the function of the ovaries. Surgery to remove tissue growth is common.

For more information, contact your doctor or call the Genesee County Health Department at 785-8530.